Class Two: Historical Image Timeline Continued And The Discipline of Graphic Design

Daily Doodle

For now, sketch out some variations on today's date and day. Play with the text. Treat it like it has mass, avoid just stick lettering.

Some doodles of mine:

Sample DoodleSample Doodle 2

InternationalRead
Comics in Public Day

National
Bow Tie Day

Project 1: Designer Report Reviewed

Description

Due February 6th, class 4

Visual Communications/Graphic Design Timeline Continued

1930s

1935 WPA (Works Progress Administration) hires designers and artists for national infrastructure projects

1937 Picasso's Guernica

1939 Illustrated album cover invented by Alex Steinweiss at Columbia Records

Constructivist Poster

1937 Constructivist Poster

Harper's Bazaar

1938 Harper’s Bazaar Cover

1940s

1941 Walter Landor and Associates established in San Francisco

1949 Palatino font designed by Hermann Zapf

Rosie The Riveter

Advertisement: Women in War Jobs – Rosie The Riveter, 9142,1945, J. Howard

Deutschland Uber Alles

Poster: Deutschland Uber Alles, John Heartfield

1950’s

New York becomes the center of the art world with Abstract Expressionism

Swiss design (aka International Typographic Style) becomes the dominant design form, with an emphasis on clear communication and grid construction

Saul Bass does his movie titles. He designs the first unified design program for a film, The Man With The Golden Arm.

Doyle Dane Bernbach (DDB) creates a revolution in American advertising. They are basically the model for Mad Men  

Visual Identity becomes a major force in corporations

1960s

Pop Art ascends over Abstract Expressionism

Corporate Identity modernization still a strong trend

 

Push Pin Studios in NY rises

Haight-Ashbury Poster Designers in San Francisco

Herb Lubalin

The great Herb Lubalin, typographer extraordinaire, is at the height of his career.

1970s

End of Modernism, beginning of Post-Modernism

I Heart NY

1975 Milton Glaser designs I Heart NY symbol

Symbols

1975 AIGA Symbols Signs

1980s

1980 IBM launches personal computer

1982 MTV logo

1984

1984 Apple Macintosh “1984” TV ad

1988 David Carson designs “Beach Culture” magazine

1988 Damian Hirst and the Young British Artists show of 1988 change the world of modern art

1990s

Got Milk?

1994 Advertising Campaign: Got Milk

Lou Reed

Stefan Sagmeister, Poster: Lou Reed, 1996

Public Theater Public Theater

Paula Scher, Visual Identity: Public Theater, 1994-96

2000-Present

Technology and new platforms continue to reshape design

I Love NY More Than Ever

Poster: I Love NY More Than Ever!, 2001, Milton Glaser

Lukova

Poster: Privacy from The Social Justice Series, 2008, Luba Lukova

Hope

Poster: Hope, Shepard Fairey, 2008

Working in Graphic Design

The main places of employment for a communication design professional are:

Elements of Design

Point, Line, & Plane

We will as we go along be talking about many of the different kinds of formal elements:

  1. Point
  2. Line
  3. Plane
  4. Texture
  5. Color
  6. Value

And organizing principles such as:

  1. Scale
  2. Contrast
  3. Movement
  4. Rhythm
  5. Balance

Let's start off with a basic basic, POINT, LINE and PLANE.

Wassily Kandinsky

A line is the track made by the moving point... It is created by movement—specifically through the destruction of the intense, self-contained repose of the point.

Wassily Kandinsky

Point, line, and plane are the building blocks of design. From these elements, designers create images, icons, texture, patterns, diagrams, animations, and typographic systems. Indeed, almost any design you can imagine results at some level from the interaction of points, lines, and planes

For Example:

Bar Chart 1 Bar chart 2 Bar Chart 3

Diagrams build relationships among elements using points, lines and planes to connect and map data.

pattern 1 Pattern 1 pattern 2

Textures and Patterns are constructed from large groups of points and lines that repeat, rotate, and otherwise interact to form distinctive and engaging surfaces.

Type point Type line Type plane

Typography consists of individual letters (points) that form into lines and planes of text.

Throughout the history of image reproduction – woodcut, lithography, modern print (halftones), laserprinting, screen images – points and lines are used to render images.

Point

p1 p2 p3 p4
points

A point marks a position in space. Understood geometrically, a point is a pare of x,y coordinates. As a graphical fundamental element, it takes its form as a dot, a visible mark. It can be and insignificant fleck of matter or a concentrated locus of power. It can penetrate like a bullet, pierce like a nail, or pucker like a kiss. Through its scale, position, and relationship to its surroundings, a point can express it own identity or melt into the crowd.

In typography, a point is period—the definitive end of a line. Each character in a field of text is a singular element, and thus a kind of point, a finite element in a series.

Line

line01 line2 line3 line4 lines

A line is an infinite series of points. Understood geometrically, a line has length, but no breadth. A line is the connection between two points, or the path of a moving point

A line can be a positive mark or a negative gap. Lines appear at the edges of objects and where two planes meet.

Graphically, lines exist in may "weights": the thickness and texture as well as the path of the mark determine its visual presence. Lines are drawn with a pen, brush, mouse, and event digital code. They can be straight or curved, continuous or broken. Lines can be used to define planes and textures.

Type as LInes

In typography, lines are implied as well as literally drawn. Characters group into lines of text, while columns are positioned in blocks that are flush left, right, or both, to an implied line.

Plane

plane 1 plane2
planes

A plane is a flat surface extending in height and width. A plane is the pathway of a moving line; it is a line with breadth. A line closes to become a shape, a bounded plane. Shapes are planes with edges. In vector-based software, every shape consists of line and fill. A plane can be parallel to the picture surface, or it can skew and recede into space. Ceilings, walls, floors, and windows are physical planes. A plane can be solid or perforated, opaque or transparent, textured or smooth.

A field of text is a plane built from points and lines of type. A typographic plane can be dense or open, hard or soft. Designers experiment with line spacing, font size, and alignment to create different typographic planes.

For Next Time

Get the textbook.

  1. Have finished reading: Chapter 2: Introduction: The Graphic Design Profession (5th Ed, p1-18. 4th Ed, pdf50-63)
  2. Bring in your Sketchbook and a drawing tool
  3. Work on Project 01: Design History Research